Supported by
Parent Dataset
SVIM ocean and sea ice hindcast archive - monthly means
Data center: Norwegian Meteorological Institute - Arctic Data CentreSpatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy, SVIM, NLEG
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).Metadata Information
Use constraint:
Investigator
Name: Vidar S. Lien, Yvonne Gusdal, Arne MelsomOrganisation: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteMetadata Author
Temporal extent
Start date: 1960-01-16T12:00:00ZEnd date: 2021-07-16T12:00:00Z
Child dataset(s)
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :
-
Spatiotemporal variability in mortality and growth of fish larvae and zooplankton in the Lofoten-Barents Sea ecosystem, The Nansen Legacy (SVIM, NLEG)
Institutions: Institute of Marine Reseach - Norway, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norwegian Meteorological InstituteShow more...
Abstract:
The SVIM archive contains results from an ocean and sea ice hindcast. The original version of the archive covered the period 1960-2011, and has later been extended on several occasions. The results are provided on a 4km polar stereographic grid projection, and the ocean model has a vertical resolution of 32 s layers. The focus is an adequate representation of the Atlantic influenced water masses within the Nordic Seas and the Barents Sea. Less emphasize has been put on the areas downstream of the Arctic bound Atlantic Water flow, i.e. the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Sea. There were multiple aims for this product, including (1) process studies within physical oceanography, (2) representation of oceanographic conditions for other applications such as primary production models and individual-based models for zoo- and ichtyoplankton, (3) boundary values for smaller scale model studies. For ocean circulation the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS; https://www.myroms.org/) was used (v.3.2 up to and including September 2018, v.3.5 thereafter). The sea-ice model used is similar to the module described in Budgell (Ocean Dyn. 2005). Boundary values for the ocean model were derived from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation dataset (SODA v.2.1.6), while boundary values for the sea ice conditions were taken from a regional simulation (Sandø et al., JGR 2012). After 2008, the ocean boundaries were forced with monthly climatologies from 2000-2008, while for ice conditions after 2007, the 2000-2007 monthly climatologies were used. Tidal forcing was based on the global ocean tides model TPXO4. The quality of the model results for the original archive period were assessed by Lien et al. (2013; https://www.hi.no/resources/publikasjoner/fisken-og-havet/2013/fh_7-2013_swim_til_web.pdf).License :