Citation information for individual datasets is often provided in the metadata. However, not all datasets have this information embedded in the discovery metadata. On a general basis a citation of a dataset include the same components as any other citation:
author,
title,
year of publication,
publisher (for data this is often the archive where it is housed),
edition or version,
access information (a URL or persistent identifier, e.g. DOI if provided)
The information required to properly cite a dataset is normally provided in the discovery metadata the datasets.
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Brief user guide
The Data Access Portal has information in 3 columns. An outline of the content in these columns is provided above. When first entering the search interface, all potential datasets are listed. Datasets are indicated in the map and results tabulation elements which are located in the middle column. The order of results can be modified using the "Sort by" option in the left column. On top of this column is normally relevant guidance information to user presented as collapsible elements.
If the user want to refine the search, this can be done by constraining the bounding box search. This is done in the map - the listing of datasets is automatically updated. Date constraints can be added in the left column. For these to take effect, the user has to push the button marked search. In the left column it is also possible to specific text elements to search for in the datasets. Again pushing the button marked "Search" is necessary for these to take action. Complex search patterns can be constructed using logical operators through the drop down menu above the text field. Text strings that are not quoted are treated as separate words and will match any of the words (i.e. assuming the OR operator). Phrases may be prefixed with '-' to indicate no occurence of the phrase in the results.
Other elements indicated in the left and right columns are facet searches, i.e. these are keywords that are found in the datasets and all datasets that contain these specific keywords in the appropriate metadata elements are listed together. Further refinement can be done using full text, date or bounding box constraints. Individuals, organisations and data centres involved in generating or curating the datasets are listed in the facets in the right column.
Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiles from Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) cruise FS2015 to the Fram Strait including auxiliary sensors. Fram Strait cruises are repeated annually, and a new data set is published for each cruise.
Please refer to the FS2015 cruise report for full information. Profiles were collected with a SBE911+ CTD system deployed over the side of research vessel Lance. Temperature profiles were measured using dual SBE 03 temperature sensors. Conductivity profiles were measured using dual SBE 04 conductivity sensors. Salinity profiles were calculated from temperature and salinity profiles. CDOM was measured using a WETLabs CDOM fluorometer (single sensor).
Profile data is from down casts only and made available in 1 decibar bins. Spurious data collected during the surface soak were removed before binning.
Data are made available as a single, self-documented netCDF file. Profile data are organised in tables with one column per cast and one row per depth bin. 1-dimensional metadata (such as time and position) are organised as a single row with one column per cast. All variables have the same number of columns, equal to the total number of CTD casts.
Sea ice thickness distribution acquired from Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory
Quality
Ice thickness distributions are derived on a monthly basis. All sea ice draft measurements in Fram Strait from 1990 to 2019 are classified into draft thickness bins of 0.1 m, ranging from 0 to 8 m (80 bins in total). Number of data samples (ice draft measurements) used to derive the distributions varies from time to time. From 1990 to 2005, O(104) samples are used to derive the distribution functions on monthly basis (measurement interval of 240 seconds in most cases), while after 2006, O(106) samples are used (interval of 2 seconds).
Monthly mean sea ice volume transport through Fram Strait from June 1992 to August 2014.
Quality
The sea ice volume transport is derived from sea ice thickness obtained by Upward Looking Sonar (ULS), sea ice drift from satellite data using SSM/I, SSMIS, and AMSR-E/2 microwave radiometers (provided by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), see e.g. Kwok et al., 1998, doi:10.1029/97JC03334), and sea ice area obtained from SSM/I and SSMIS satellite microwave radiometer observations. Ice draft is measured by ULS deployed at moorings F11 (3°W), F12 (4.25°W), F13 (5°W) and F14 (6.5°W) from the Norwegian Polar Institute at a latitude of 79°N (pre-2002) or 78.8°N (post-2002). The ice thickness is obtained by assuming hydrostatic balance and multiplying the measured ULS sea ice draft by a factor of 1:136. Sea ice volume transport is calculated through a transect on a polar stereographic grid from about N79.9°/W14.9° to N77.0°/E2.9°. Ice thicknesses are inter- and extrapolated over the transect, averaged daily, multiplied by daily ice drift and ice area to obtain the sea ice volume transport (counted positive southward, i.e., as sea ice export out of the Arctic Basin). Here monthly aggregates are provided. To obtain freshwater transport the ice volume transport has to be multiplied by a factor of 0.8
Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiles from Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) cruise FS2018 to the Fram Strait including auxiliary sensors. Fram Strait cruises are repeated annually, and a new data set is published for each cruise.
Please refer to the FS2018 cruise report for full information. Profiles were collected with a SBE911+ CTD system deployed from research vessel Kronprins Haakon. Where the CTD was deployed through a moon pool, spurious data collected from within the moonpool shaft have been removed resulting in a lack of data in the upper 10 m. Temperature profiles were measured using dual SBE 03 temperature sensors. Conductivity profiles were measured using dual SBE 04 conductivity sensors. Salinity profiles were calculated from temperature and salinity profiles. CDOM was measured using a WETLabs CDOM fluorometer (single sensor)
Profile data is from down casts only and made available in 1 decibar bins. Spurious data collected during the surface soak were removed before binning.
Data are made available as a single, self-documented netCDF file. Profile data are organised in tables with one column per cast and one row per depth bin. 1-dimensional metadata (such as time and position) are organised as a single row with one column per cast. All variables have the same number of columns, equal to the total number of CTD casts.
These velocity and salinity data have been collected by moorings of the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory (FSAOO) at 78°50’N (F17 at 8°W, F14 at 6.5°W, F13b at 5.5°W, F13 at 5°W, F12 at 4°W, F11 at 3°W, F10 at 2°W) between Sept. 2003-Aug. 2019. The moorings have been maintained by the Norwegian Polar Institute (between 2003-2016, F10 was maintained by the Alfred Wegener Institute). The time-series of freshwater transport, freshwater content, volume transport and salt transport are calculated from the gridded salinity and velocity fields and are integrated over the full section as well as in the Polar Water (PW) (sigma<27.7 & T<0). Freshwater is calculated relative to a reference salinity of 34.9.
Quality
The raw data collected from the moored instruments received standard post processing and quality control. Velocity data are corrected for magnetic deviation and tides are removed with a 41-hr low-pass filter. The salinity is based on mooring data combined with a seasonally varying hydrographic data set to improve the stratification and corrected for any density instabilities. Data are then monthly averaged. Data gaps are treated with regression with neighbouring instruments or filled in with long-term mean values. Data are interpolated on a grid with bottom following contours below 150 m and horiontal z-levels with 10 m resolution above. Horizontal resolution is 0.25 degrees longitude. Interpolation for velocity is linear while salinity is interpolated cubically in the vertical. The data have been corrected (back in time) for the effect of increasing coverage of the mooring array.
Current measurements from Recording Doppler Current Meters (RDCP), Acoustic Doppler Current Meters (ADCP) and Recording Current Meters (RCM) from the moorings F11, F12, F13, F14, F17 from the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory in the East Greenland Current maintained by the Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) since September 2009. Exact locations and additional instrument information is given in the meta data in each data file individually.
Quality
Data are provided at the original sampling rate (which varies from 15 minutes to 2 hours).
Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiles from Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) cruise FS2021 to the Fram Strait including auxiliary sensors. Fram Strait cruises are repeated annually, and a new data set is published for each cruise.
Please refer to the FS2021 cruise report for full information. Profiles were collected with a SBE911+ CTD system deployed from research vessel Kronprins Haakon. Where the CTD was deployed through a moon pool, spurious data collected from within the moonpool shaft have been removed resulting in a lack of data in the upper 10 m. Temperature profiles were measured using dual SBE 03 temperature sensors. Conductivity profiles were measured using dual SBE 04 conductivity sensors. Salinity profiles were calculated from temperature and salinity profiles. CDOM was measured using a WETLabs CDOM fluorometer (single sensor).
Profile data is from down casts only and made available in 1 decibar bins. Spurious data collected during the surface soak were removed before binning.
Data are made available as a single, self-documented netCDF file. Profile data are organised in tables with one column per cast and one row per depth bin. 1-dimensional metadata (such as time and position) are organised as a single row with one column per cast. All variables have the same number of columns, equal to the total number of CTD casts.
Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiles from Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) cruise FS2017 to the Fram Strait including auxiliary sensors. Fram Strait cruises are repeated annually, and a new data set is published for each cruise.
Please refer to the FS2017 cruise report for full information. Profiles were collected with a SBE911+ CTD system deployed over the side of research vessel Lance. Temperature profiles were measured using dual SBE 03 temperature sensors. Conductivity profiles were measured using dual SBE 04 conductivity sensors. Salinity profiles were calculated from temperature and salinity profiles. CDOM was measured using a WETLabs CDOM fluorometer (single sensor).
Profile data is from down casts only and made available in 1 decibar bins. Spurious data collected during the surface soak were removed before binning.
Data are made available as a single, self-documented netCDF file. Profile data are organised in tables with one column per cast and one row per depth bin. 1-dimensional metadata (such as time and position) are organised as a single row with one column per cast. All variables have the same number of columns, equal to the total number of CTD casts.
Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiles from Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) cruise FS2014 to the Fram Strait including auxiliary sensors. Fram Strait cruises are repeated annually, and a new data set is published for each cruise. Please refer to the FS2014 cruise report for full information. Profiles were collected with a SBE911+ CTD system deployed over the side of research vessel Lance.
Temperature profiles were measured using dual SBE 03 temperature sensors. Conductivity profiles were measured using dual SBE 04 conductivity sensors. Salinity profiles were calculated from temperature and salinity profiles. CDOM was measured using a WETLabs CDOM fluorometer (single sensor).
Profile data is from down casts only and made available in 1 decibar bins. Spurious data collected during the surface soak were removed before binning.
Data are made available as a single, self-documented netCDF file. Profile data are organised in tables with one column per cast and one row per depth bin. 1-dimensional metadata (such as time and position) are organised as a single row with one column per cast. All variables have the same number of columns, equal to the total number of CTD casts.
Current measurements from Doppler Current Meters (DCM), Recording Doppler Current Meters (RDCP), Acoustic Doppler Current Meters (ADCP) and Recording Current Meters (RCM) from the moorings F11, F12, F13, F14, F17 from the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory in the East Greenland Current maintained by the Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) since September 1997. F17 has been deployed since 2003. The mooring positions were changed from 79°N to 78°50’N in September 2002. Exact locations and additional instrument information are given in the meta data in each data file individually.
Quality
Data are provided at the original sampling rate (which varies from 20 minutes to 2 hours).
Freshwater transport (relative to a reference salinity of 34.9) and gridded data fields of southward velocity and salinity from the East Greenland Current in Fram Strait. The time series are collected by moorings F11, F12, F13, F14, F17 from the Fram Strait Arctic Outflow Observatory (Norwegian Polar Institute) and by moorings F9 and F10 (Alfred Wegener Institute). The moorings were at 79N from Sept. 1997 to Aug. 2002 and at 78°50’N from Sept. 2002 to Aug. 2015. Only in Sept. 2003 the extra mooring (F17) was added on the shelf.
Note: data files are created for both latitudes (79N and 78°50’N) and time periods individually and need to be looked at separately since the southward move of the array had significant implications for the observed flow field. The moorings were located between 0°W and 6.5°W until Aug. 2002. In Sept. 2003 an extra mooring was added at 8°W and allowed for a larger portion of the outflow to be measured.
Quality
Velocity data are corrected for magnetic deviation and tides are removed with a 41-hr low-pass filter. The salinity is based on mooring data and a seasonally varying hydrographic data set to improve the stratification. Data are monthly averaged. Data gaps are treated with regression with neighboring instruments of filled in with long-term mean values. Note: Version V2.0 is a corrected version from V1.0. An error was found in the regression of velocity on the shelf in 2011-2012 which amounted to a too large near-surface velocity. The gridded V and freshwater transport time series are corrected accordingly.
Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiles from Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) cruise FS2019 to the Fram Strait including auxiliary sensors. Fram Strait cruises are repeated annually, and a new data set is published for each cruise.
Please refer to the FS2019 cruise report for full information. Profiles were collected with a SBE911+ CTD system deployed from research vessel Kronprins Haakon. Where the CTD was deployed through a moon pool, spurious data collected from within the moonpool shaft have been removed resulting in a lack of data in the upper 10 m. Temperature profiles were measured using dual SBE 03 temperature sensors. Conductivity profiles were measured using dual SBE 04 conductivity sensors. Salinity profiles were calculated from temperature and salinity profiles. CDOM was measured using a WETLabs CDOM fluorometer (single sensor)
Profile data is from down casts only and made available in 1 decibar bins. Spurious data collected during the surface soak were removed before binning.
Data are made available as a single, self-documented netCDF file. Profile data are organised in tables with one column per cast and one row per depth bin. 1-dimensional metadata (such as time and position) are organised as a single row with one column per cast. All variables have the same number of columns, equal to the total number of CTD casts.
Absolute geostrophic velocity obtained from 1 m binned CTD data from August/September cruises from 2009 to 2018 and mooring data in the East Greenland Current at 78°50’N. The data are provided for the area between 1°W - 8°W. The geostrophic velocity is referenced to 30-day mean mooring data which are averaged over 30 days centered around the middle of cruise. The unit of absolute geostrophic velocity is m/s. Depth in m, latitude and longitude are also provided for each year.
Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiles from Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) cruise FS2020 to the Fram Strait including auxiliary sensors. Fram Strait cruises are repeated annually, and a new data set is published for each cruise.
Please refer to the FS2020 cruise report for full information. Profiles were collected with a SBE911+ CTD system deployed from research vessel Kronprins Haakon. Where the CTD was deployed through a moon pool, spurious data collected from within the moonpool shaft have been removed resulting in a lack of data in the upper 10 m. Temperature profiles were measured using dual SBE 03 temperature sensors. Conductivity profiles were measured using dual SBE 04 conductivity sensors. Salinity profiles were calculated from temperature and salinity profiles. CDOM was measured using a WETLabs CDOM fluorometer (single sensor)
Profile data is from down casts only and made available in 1 decibar bins. Spurious data collected during the surface soak were removed before binning.
Data are made available as a single, self-documented netCDF file. Profile data are organised in tables with one column per cast and one row per depth bin. 1-dimensional metadata (such as time and position) are organised as a single row with one column per cast. All variables have the same number of columns, equal to the total number of CTD casts.